Aqueous humor penetration of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin eyedrops given by different methods before cataract surgery
Accepted 1 September 2006.
Purpose
To determine whether the penetration into the aqueous humor of 2 new fourth-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotics, gatifloxacin (Zymar) and moxifloxacin (Vigamox) eyedrops, was affected by different methods of administration before cataract surgery.
Setting
Pasqua Hospital, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Methods
This prospective randomized study comprised 193 patients. The patients were divided into 2 main groups. One group received gatifloxacin eyedrops and the other, moxifloxacin eyedrops. Each group was subdivided into 4 subgroups. All patients received the drops 4 times a day starting 2 days preoperatively. The first subgroup did not receive any more antibiotics. The second subgroup received the antibiotic drops 3 times, starting approximately 2 hours preoperatively. The third subgroup received a wick soaked in a dilating mixture containing the antibiotic. The fourth subgroup received the wick and the antibiotic drops at the time of preparation for surgery. At the beginning of surgery, 0.1 mL of aqueous humor was aspirated, frozen, and sent under ice by courier to the Provincial Laboratory for analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results
The study included 124 women and 69 men. The mean concentrations in the aqueous humor were 0.19, 0.82, 0.22, and 0.30 μg/mL in the 4 gatifloxacin subgroups, respectively, and 0.38, 2.16, 0.88, and 0.97 μg/mL in the 4 moxifloxacin subgroups, respectively. Analysis of variance showed the differences between the 2 antibiotics to be statistically significant.
Conclusions
Moxifloxacin penetrated the aqueous humor better than gatifloxacin regardless of the method of administration. Both antibiotics penetrated the aqueous humor well when given in drop form. They reached and exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration levels for the most common ocular pathogens causing endophthalmitis. Only moxifloxacin reached these levels when the wick was used.
From the University of Saskatchewan and the Pasqua Hospital, Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Corresponding author: Dr. Lindsay Ong-Tone, Suite 215, 2125 11th Avenue, Regina, S4P 3X3, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Presented at the ASCRS Symposium on Cataract, IOL and Refractive Surgery, San Francisco, California, USA, March 2006, and the 13th annual meeting of the Canadian Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, April 2006.
Partly funded by Advanced Medical Optics, Markham, Ontario, Canada.
The author has no financial or proprietary interest in any method or material mentioned.
The Saskatchewan Provincial Laboratory, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, provided analysis of the samples, and the Research and Performance Support staff, Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, provided analysis of the data.
ABSTRACT