Ophthalmology
Volume 116, Issue 3 , Pages 536-543.e2, March 2009

The Association of Cutaneous and Iris Nevi with Uveal Melanoma: A Meta-analysis

  • Ezekiel Weis, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
    • Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Ezekiel Weis, MD, MPH, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, 2319 10240 Kingsway Ave., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5H 3V9
    • ,
  • Chirag P. Shah, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
    • Wills Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Martin Lajous, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
    • Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
    • ,
  • Jerry A. Shields, MD

      Affiliations

    • Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Carol L. Shields, MD

      Affiliations

    • Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Received 25 April 2008; received in revised form 6 October 2008; accepted 8 October 2008. published online 22 January 2009.

Available online: January 22, 2009.

Purpose

To study the relationship between cutaneous and iris nevi with uveal melanoma.

Design

Meta-analysis.

Methods

Three researchers independently searched the literature using Medline from 1966 to August 2007 (with both Ovid and PubMed), EMBASE, MD Consult, and the Web of Science. All bibliographies were searched, and an attempt to contact all primary authors was made to find further unpublished studies.

Main Outcome Measures

Risk factor data were extracted into 4 a priori groups: (1) atypical cutaneous nevi, (2) common cutaneous nevi, (3) cutaneous freckles, and (4) iris nevi.

Results

Meta-analysis of 4 studies (850 cases) examining atypical cutaneous nevi yielded a summary odds ratio (OR) of 2.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–7.26; P = 0.032). Common cutaneous nevi were reported in 4 studies (825 cases), yielding a summary OR of 1.74 (CI, 1.27–2.39; P = 0.001). Cutaneous freckles using 7 studies (2122 cases) found an OR of 1.22 (CI, 1.03–1.45; P = 0.022). Iris nevi using 4 studies (825 cases) found an OR of 1.53 (CI, 1.03–2.27; P = 0.036). There was no evidence of publication bias for the aforementioned risk factors, with the exception of atypical cutaneous nevi (P = 0.03).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis supports an association between uveal melanoma and atypical cutaneous nevi, common cutaneous nevi, cutaneous freckles, and iris nevi.

Financial Disclosure(s)

The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

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 Manuscript no. 2008-514.

 Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

PII: S0161-6420(08)01028-2

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.10.008

Ophthalmology
Volume 116, Issue 3 , Pages 536-543.e2, March 2009

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